In 1901 the very first Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Jacobus H. van 't Hoff for his work on rates of reaction, chemical equilibrium, and osmotic pressure. This can generally be summarized by stating that very dilute solutions follow mathematical laws that closely resemble the laws describing the behavior of gases.
Roger David Kornberg (born April 24, 1947(1947-04-24)) is a biochemist and professor of structural biology at Stanford University School of Medicine. Kornberg was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2006 for his studies of the process by which genetic information from DNA is copied to RNA, "the molecular basis of eukaryotic transcription."
Gerhard Ertl (born 10 October 1936) is a German physicist and a Professor emeritus at the Department of Physical Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft in Berlin, Germany. He won the 2007 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his studies of chemical processes on solid surfaces.
Osamu Shimomura
(Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL) Woods Hole, MA, USA; Boston University Medical School Massachusetts, MA, USA)
Roger Y. Tsien (University of California San Diego, CA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute)
Martin Chalfie(Columbia University New York, NY, USA)
These 3 chemists were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2008 for the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP.
